2.4 Operators

2.4 Operators

To manipulating and data process borland provides a variety operators, every operator has a level of hierarchy that is the order of implementation if the operator involved in a process, ex : if there is expression A+B*C, then will be the first will be process is B*C after that the result of B*C will be addition with A. this is due to the multiplication operator(*) hierarchy higher than the increment operator(+). if on the process there is same operators then the left character will be the first process.

Operator	Hirarchy
@,not	Highest
*, /, div, mod,and,shl,shr,as	second
+, -,or,xor	Third
=, <>, <,>, <=, >=,in,is	Forth

2.4.1 Assignment Operators

Assignment operators symbolized with :=, it is function to insert data to a variable. it is writing:

<variable>:= < expression>;
examples:

bilangan := 0;
harga := 500;
banyak := 5;
jumlah := banyak*harga;
n:=n+1;

2.4.2 Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators used to arithmetic process.Delphi have several Arithmetic operators:

operator	process	process type	result type
*	multiplication	Integer	Integer
		Real	Real
/	Division	Integer	Real
		Real	Real
Div	Division round	Integer
			Integer
Mod	Residual division	Integer
			Integer
+	Addition	Integer	Integer
		Real	Real
-	Subtraction	Integer	Integer
		Real	Real

operators below it usually called binary arithmetic operators
such as examples, view the snipped program like this :

A := 1 * 2 ; // the result is 2
A := 4 / 2 ; //the result is 2
A := 5 div 2; //the result is 2, rounded down
A := 5 mod 2 ; //the result is 1, rounded up
A := 1 + 2 ; //the result is 2
A := 4 - 2 ; //the result is 2

how with he exponent operators. delphi has no exponent operators,

and it changing with use mathemaical formulas : a^x exp(x * ln(a)). note the following program snippet:

A := 2;
B := 3;
C := exp (B*ln(A); // C= 9
D := exp (B*ln(5); //D=125

2.4.1 Relation Operators

Relation operators used to compare a data (expression) with the other data( expression) and generates the logic value (boolean) TRUE or False. of course to comparing 2 data, they must have similar type.

Operators	Description
=	equals to
<>	not equals to
<	less than
>	greater than
<=	less than or equals to
>=	greater than or equals to

some examples in use compare operator :

A := 2 > 3; //false
A := 2 + 2 > 3; //true
A := 3 > 2 + 2; //false
A := 3 >= 3; //true

2.4.1 Logic Operators

logic operators used to expressing 1 or more data ( expression) logic (boolean). and generates new logic data (boolean). table logic operators

operators
Not	No
And	and
Or	or
Xor	Exclusive or

logic operator Not have a result the opposite data value of logic and have a high level in hierarchy operator logic.
view a table of logic operator Not

Expression	Value
Not True	False
Not False	True

table of Operator And

Expression	Value
False And False	False
False And True	False
True And False	False
True And True	True

table of Operator Xor

Expression	Value
False And False	False
False And True	True
True And False	True
True And True	False